Wachovia (WB) surprises, but not in the way you think

Wachovia (WB) reported Q1 2008 today with a loss instead of the profit expected by analyst consensus. Dividend was cut to $1.50 per year. Neither of those things were surprising. In fact, I would argue that it was mostly priced into the options premiums.

The surprise was that they pushed up earnings from Friday to Monday. This hasn't happened to in recent memory and as a result, I was caught with some positions that I wanted to close / roll down. But overall, it was a cheap lesson. A few hundred dollars for a lesson that there are temporal surprises.

Still long Wachovia (WB) through a variety of naked puts. I am trying to figure out how exactly to position myself going forward. The pricing of new common stock at $24 is reassuring since that sets a near term bottom (the new issuance was oversubscribed).

I have been building reserves (not unlike banks) so that even with a 10% drop in a core holding no longer threaten margin calls. I have been deleveraging by reducing the number of share I hold. For example, suppose I have 200 shares of BBBY get called away at 30. I would normally write 2 naked puts at 30 for the next month. Recently, I would instead write 1 contract. This is a natural deleveraging that does not force me to realize losses unnecessarily. Also, I have been closing winning positions that no longer have sufficient reward for the margin required.

Beware of Cramerica - Wachovia (WB) price action

Just thought this was interesting... Jim Cramer said all banks are a sell yesterday. In after hours Wachovia (WB) trades down 3%.

Today we get a massive rally that pushes WB up 10%.

If you listened and blindly followed Cramer, you are out 13%. And if you listen to others it is hard to get the conviction that lets you stand firm. I bet a bunch of those selling after hours are back in at these prices.

USEC (USU), an interesting Uranium / nuclear energy play

With oil hitting new records, everyone is looking towards other energy sources. Natural gas is no help, that's expensive too. In fact, the reason we have so many natural gas power plants is because we thought it would stay cheap. For an example of how difficult it is to predict natural gas prices, look up the Amaranth Advisors disaster. Coal, solar, and nuclear plays are all being bit to new highs.

I think most of this is irrational. Energy prices are high due to a speculative bubble and market manipulation (by OPEC and others). Stocks in those sectors are also incredibly expensive. Take Exelon Corporation (EXC), a nuclear plant operator. It is in a great position because no nuclear plants are being constructed. However, I do not like owning any utility at a P/E of 20. That's just silly.

While doing some research on nuclear energy, I did find an interesting little company called USEC (USU). It is the owner of the United States Enrichment Corporation. USEC (USU) was privatized over a decade ago. It currently operates a gas diffusion enrichment plant which is barely breaking even. (Enrichment is a part of the process that creates fuel for nuclear power plants). It also performs some contracting services for the United States Government.

A company with only one operation that's barely breaking even -- that doesn't sound very good at any price. However, the story behind the stock is that it is building a new gas centrifuge enrichment plant. It is expected to use 95% less energy than the current plant (rising energy prices is why the current one is barely breaking even).

So, why is the stock in the dumps? Well, the project is 50% over budget and likely to be behind schedule. There are lots of other companies doing the same thing. In this credit environment, a small player like USEC (USU) may not be able to get funding to finish this plant.

So, why buy the stock? Well, recently President Bush passed a series of bills that includes loan guarantees for nuclear companies. USEC (USU) is likely to qualify. Its competitors face difficulty in placing their new plant due to NIMBY (not in my back yard). USEC (USU) has two properties on lease from the DOE for this purpose.

With the current price, there is a lot of upside for moderate downside. I've been picking it up since the 6.50 level and will continue to accumulate. I am also looking at selling some puts at the 5.00 strike.

Lots of risk, but if you believe in the nuclear renaissance, USEC (USU) is definitely a ticker for the watch list.

Opportunity in Wachovia (WB) in market whipsaw?

On Friday, the markets was just plain ugly. A look at the advancers vs. decliners for all the major averages will tell you that almost everything was down.

In particular, I am options with intrinsic leverage on underlying securities with a high beta in sectors leading the market decline (consumer discretionary). So, my leverage vs. the market on a down day like this is somewhere between 3x and 4x. That's a 10% drop in one day.

I went through a did a through check of all my portfolio positions and I think I will be ok if I can make it through possible margin calls. I have a couple of positions (ADSK, NVDA, EMC) that were written at the money for the front month and are now in the money and at risk for assignment. I have enough cash and margin to take the assignment. I am more concerned about the overall margin. Since TD Ameritrade does not use portfolio margin, margin is often a concern for my style (which has high drawdowns). We'll see what happens next week. I might have to close some of my longer term puts (which are currently making money) for some buying power.

I spent most of Friday listening to conference calls (there's no reason to listen to CNBC on a day like that; it just makes you more emotional) but I did manage a few trades. With a review of the last Wachovia (WB) quarter, I am still convinced that they will be fine in the long run. I am not saying this is a bottom. I fully expect more writedowns. In the conference call, WB management gave the impression that they are properly reserved for a 60 basis point loss (triple their normal rate) on their Pick-a-Pay (what WB calls Option ARM) loan portfolio. However, looking at recent data and the 'vintage' charts, there is a good chance that losses will soon be estimated at 80 bps or higher. In addition, the auto portfolio looks pretty bad too but that's reasonably small. There is also the risk of canceling the dividend. They don't need to right now but it is an easy source of additional capital. Either of those things might pressure the shares. However, I think the risks are priced in for long term buyers. So I sold a bunch of WB naked puts for multiple months out and at various strikes. This should more than double my WB delta.

I also closed out my XHB naked calls. I am not going to be greedy so I took the 60% gain in two days.

We'll see what happens Monday. If we get additional downside, I am going get more defensive and close out everything that I don't need for additional buying power and then start adding more delta to all my conviction buys (to steal a Goldman Sachs term).

Bought back put options in SiRF Technologies (SIRF), swayed by emotions or smart trading?

I closed out my Mar 7.5 naked puts in SiRF Technologies (SIRF) today at 1.10 right before the end of day market rebound. I have been trying to close it on the ask for two days (chased it at 0.85 to 0.95 to 1.10) and finally decided to hit a small 10 lot that was splitting the bid/ask. I still managed a small gain. I lost money on the 1.00 of intrinsic value (delta) but that was more than canceled out by the money I made on vega (i.e. the decrease in implied volatility). The small gain came from theta (i.e. time decay).

For reference, I first sold Feb and Mar puts in SIRF when it dropped 50%+ (Added delta to SIRF and WB amid market freefall). I closed the Feb puts on expiration day for a small gain (Last minute juggling of SIRF and BBBY).

I am not sure whether this was an emotional trade or a smart trade. So I will give both view points.

Emotional:
I thought this was a great business with a large cash reserve with a market leading position in GPS chips. I don't doubt the cash on the books but the recent Garmin conference call has led me to doubt myself on the second point. There was a small hint that Garmin is shifting away from SIRF chips.

I am also becoming of the similarity between SIRF and NLS. I sold some NLS puts a while back at the 10 level and now the stock is around 4. I believe in NLS and I am buying more at these levels but it taught me the market can take a long time to recognize value. SIRF can go a lot lower before it bounces back. I don't want to get caught in a downtrend. I need to save buying power to add delta to the rest of my positions on the way down. (Can't decide whether this is fear talking or risk management.)

Smart:
As outlined in my trading plan (A naked put selling focused options trading strategy explained), I generally try to sell time premium. When SIRF hit 6.50 today, most of the value of the option was intrinsic value and I had earned all the time value I could. Therefore, there was no reason for me to be in the option. I should either take delivery (artificially by buying the stock and the put at the same time) or just close out the position (by buying back the put).

I shouldn't go against the trend. It was relatively stable at the 7.25 level while buyers added more positions to average down their costs. However, capitulation hasn't occurred and SIRF can go much lower (although it is supported by its cash position).

Going Forward:
I am going to keep a close eye on SIRF. I was interested in selling the Apr 5 puts at 0.20. That would give me a cost basis of 4.80 which is much closer to the cash value of the company. However, if I assume I am a smart trader and my pseudo-technical sentiment analysis is correct, it should go lower and I should be able to sell it for more premium.

The other reservation is also from my experience with NLS. Selling puts with tiny time premiums are a bad idea. It is the equivalent of selling super-catastrophe insurance. And if you believe in the black swan theory, markets have catastrophic swings more often than the options models would predict.

I am going to sleep on it and then we'll see what happens next week.

A naked put selling focused options trading strategy explained

Selling puts naked is a money making machine. You make money on most trades due to the positive theta and life is good. However, sometimes you bet wrong and you lose big. Winning in this game means we have to avoid the big losses while preserving the opportunity to profit. That requires risk management.

First, I want to say that I have no official system for this. No quantitative models, no portfolio insurances, nada. Just some gut feel. This is just my system. You could have a completely different system, and that would be fine. However, let me point out a couple pros and cons about this system.

Pro: Quantitative models and portfolio insurance give you a false sense of security. Equity issues are more correlated than ever and hedging correctly (without paying too much) is very difficult. Think LTCM.

Con: Basing large $$ decisions on gut feel makes it prone to emotions and mood swings.

Pro: This is how many traders operate. They make lots of money so they must be right, right?

Con: This is how many traders operate. They play with other people's money so it is easier to isolate emotions. Even then, we get an Amaranth Advisors once in a while.

My put selling focused options trading strategy is as follows:
1. Identify a good quality stock that I would want to own forever (or at least 5 years).
2. Identify a price at which I would buy right now. I usually do this by looking at fundamentals. I assume future earnings are either at or below the trailing twelve month (TTM) earnings. Given that, I low ball a P/E ratio based on historical lows of the stock or industry.
3. Take a quick look at technical support levels.
4. Try to pick a stock that satisfies the above and has high implied volatility relative to historical volatility (IV/HV).
5. Check that there is no news shocks coming up. This may include earnings reports, acquisitions, law suits, economic indicators, etc. Obviously you can't avoid all such outside factors but avoid the big ones. For example, do not trade RIMM on the day of earnings (at least in this strategy).

Take either track a or track b depending on how badly you want to own the stock now. Track a is good for a stock that I really want to own now since it maximizes theta. Track b is good for a stock that I want for the long term but not necessarily right now. I generally use track a for bottom fishing / knife catching and track b for long term Buffett style portfolio building.


6a. Write a near term at the money (usually front month ATM) put above a technical support but higher than my would buy right now price. The idea is to make money either from time decay or a drop in volatility. The front month ATM has the most theta and thus the most time decay. Since we picked something that had high IV, we benefit from a drop in IV.
7a. If I get assigned, I tried to sell a covered call on it such that the if the covered call is assigned, I would at least break even.

6b. Write a long term out of the money put such that if assigned, the cost basis is at or below than my would buy right now price.
7b. Sell a covered call if the stock becomes overvalued or is nearing near term resistance.

8. Repeat step 7 until stock is gone or if fundamentals shift greatly. Nothing says I can't change my mind and dump the stock. The above is the options trading strategy given that I like the stock.

Risk Management:

• Only sell options with enough time premium such that if I buy it back at 0.05, I can make a good return. Failing that, it must be close enough to expiration (I usually only do close to a week).


• Since I would not sell options for small time premiums unless they are close to expiration, I buy back options with small time premiums unless they are close to expiration. This is not a hard rule. Some times it does not make sense to only buy back an option that has huge unrealized losses. In that case, I usually either: give up and buy back the option (reduce my delta), roll the options down and/or out (maintain delta), write additional options (increase delta). That really depends on my outlook for the underlying.


• This requires a large amount of capital and is very high risk. The drawdowns will kill you. A more sane person would probably utilize stops. One of the obvious risks is that during a market downturn, you take assignment on a lot of stock and need to be able to carry that stock (either with cash or margin). To make things worse, when you are carrying stock during a down turn, you cannot make money by selling more options since you run out of buying power.


• This is just a strategy that I sometimes may follow. This is not a recommendation for you to use this strategy. In fact, it is a warning to those who choose similar strategies. It's feast and famine. When volatility is high and markets are range bound, it is all profit. In most other cases, it's not so happy.

This is the recipe for making my secret sauce. In theory, theory and practice are the same; in practice, they are not. Making money requires stock picking skill and trading ability. The key to this whole house of cards is step 1 which I gloss over.

Added delta to SIRF and WB amid market freefall

Another day with blood in the streets. Institute for Supply Management (ISM) non-manufacturing survey results are out early and they don't look good. Survey says: Recession. Panic ensues and we get another 3% drop across the board.



Keep in mind that this is a survey and if everyone is flooded with recession news, they will believe that a recession is coming. This is also known as anchoring bias.

The hedges that I put on a week ago seemed dumb at the time (and a bit early) but they drastically cut my losses today. Without hedges, I am about ~4x leveraged and with them, I am about ~2x leveraged. However, some of my hedges are running out of premium (probably a good time to buy the calls back). In general, my portfolio has a naked put / covered call profile where I am long delta with negative gamma. So as the prices decrease, I am getting more delta. This fits well with my value based strategy. As prices decrease relative to value, there is a better risk/reward tradeoff and I am willing to take on more delta.

I have been reluctant to buy after the rally last week since I've turned more bearish while the market sentiment turned more bullish. I also could not understand why prices should go up given the constant stream of bad news. The rationale that bad news => fed cut => financial recovery is silly. It's like saying mortgages are good cause the government gives you a tax break on the interest. Rate cuts are weakening the dollar and causing a rise in commodity prices which are increasing costs for businesses. On the other hand, rate cuts are not increasing consumer spending due to constrained credit (i.e. banks are do not want to lend at these lower rates since they would rather use it themselves as capital). The 'consumer led recession' is leading to demand destruction. When supply decreases (due to higher inputs) and demand decreases (due to lower income), equilibrium output decreases (i.e. GDP decreases). And GDP decreases define recession. So, recession, here we come. But the word doesn't really mean much to me per se. I see it as an opportunity to pick up more assets at a lower cost. Capitalism at its best. I actually hate bull markets because it is hard to make a living as a put seller since I try to have enough discipline not to chase stocks. On the other hand, I love to sell insurance for quality companies at low prices and high premium (thanks volatility).

SIRF gave really bad 2008 guidance. 6+ brokerages smacked it with downgrades. Stock is down 55%. GPS technologies are good, but consumer electronics are bad. Niche analog semiconductor companies are good, but semiconductors are bad. Basically, I see SIRF as a good growth company hit with bad macro trends. However, I think they will do ok in the coming slow down. GPS devices are so competitive that the price reductions will be hitting the device manufacturers hardest. Sure things are bad but not 7 a share bad. SIRF has never traded at this level before. Although they have been issuing shares and diluting shareholders, it isn't that bad. Take a look at the past annual reports. I checked the current ratio and did a few quick solvency tests and they seem to be able to whether the storm. I doubt they will continue to issue shares at these prices (if they do, the management need to be replaced). We might even see a share buyback. The 1.4 a share in cash also doesn't hurt.

I sold a bunch of Feb 7.5 puts at around 0.5 and a bunch of Mar 7.5 puts at around 1.25. That would give me an average cost basis of approximately 6.75. Backing out the cash, that means I'd be paying 5.35 a share for a growing business in a great segment. That's me rationalizing my purchase; it could turn out to be stupid but analyst downgrades always make me over confident.



I also sold some Mar 30 WB puts as I have been doing for the last couple of months.

Cadence (CDNS) - Decision making in the face of uncertainty

Today was one of those days that I hate. Everything is up and by a lot. As an options trader who makes money from selling time premium, this isn't my thing. Sure, I make money since I am generally positive delta and negative vega. (I will probably explain all the option greeks sometime -- mostly to help myself gather my thoughts learn them better. I mostly only use delta and I am trying to learn to use vega.) However, I write options expecting them to expire. So a market rally just helps to speed up that process a little bit. However, I ran out of margin a while back during the big dip and thus do not have many open positions for March. If the market is up, then it is hard for me to find a good risk/reward balance in options to write since I am mostly selling puts naked. So the ideal market is one that is perfectly flat (historical volatility of zero) while having a high implied volatility. That's what I dream about. Of course, the markets aren't so nice.

So I was looking for options to sell and noticed that CDNS (Cadence Design Systems) was down 33% to 10 a share. Cadence makes CAD (computer aided design) software for the electronics industry (some people call it EDA -- Electronic Design Automation). CDNS is to semiconductors as ADSK (Autodesk) is to buildings. Brought up a maximum length chart on Yahoo finance and saw:



CDNS is basically back to 1996 levels. Always a good sign. I like things that are at long term lows (that's my style of investing most days).

Took a look at the AP bulletin which was pretty useless. I am convinced that they are written by robots (or people playing robots). It calls CDNS a "semiconductor manufacturing equipment maker". Never a good sign.

Basically 4Q '07 was ok but guidance for 2008 is bad. 1Q is going to be a loss and full year guidance is down to non-GAAP EPS of $1.11 to $1.19 (GAAP EPS tends to be lower since EDA companies take write-offs for their acquisitions). The current Street consensus estimate $1.53 a share. With earnings potentially down over 28%, the price drop seems reasonable, right?

I disagree. I think the bad new was already mostly priced in. I am more than happy to go long this company at P/E of 10 (after lowered guidance, even better!). I sold a bunch of Mar 10 puts at 0.85 which would give me a basis of 9.15 if assigned. Otherwise, I get about an 8% return on maximum risk or a 50% return on initial margin (for 50 or so days).

I also feel good about the fact that 53 million traded out of 268 million outstanding. Combine that kind of volume with the flat intraday price action, it smells of major buying. There was a floor around 10 all day and a volume spike and the end of the day. We might see an SEC filing some time soon.

We'll see what happens. It could prove really dumb to try to catch this falling knife. Sometimes, there is no time for analysis, and it's mostly gambling with an estimate of the odds.

EMC dragged down by plunging VMWare

As TheNetFool pointed out in a comment to my previous post, EMC was down 13% to an after hours low of 14.70 before recovering to around 15.



My position in +EMCNR (Feb 17 put) was at 0.85 before the close. My Black-Scholes model says it's going to open at 2.14. This is unreliable since any number of things could happen at the open. EMC can gap lower, it can go up early and then come back down, or it can go higher. I don't know. Implied volatility will also change (either higher to reflect the increased historical volatility or lower since this unknown event is out of the way). Even though it is unreliable, the model gives us a good estimate to work with.

The same models say the Feb 16 put will open at 1.33 and the Feb 15 put will open at 0.69. I am seriously considering selling the Feb 15 put for 0.75 instead of trying to sell the Feb 16 put for 1.75. Since EMC is at 15 right now, I maximize the time value of the option by selling the at the money. I am still going to stick with my 14.25 target price.

Considering selling front month EMC puts

I have been looking at EMC for a while now. Not only does it own the majority of VMWare, its storage franchises are also the ones to beat. ZachStocks' recent post about VMW (VMWare (VMW) - A Creative Way to Own the Stock) explains the VMWare situation really well so there's no reason for me to do repeat it. I have been looking at selling some front month puts in EMC at the 16 and 15 strikes. In particular, I would be delighted if I could sell the Feb 16 for a credit of 1.75. That would give me a cost basis of 14.25 should I get assigned. Given my (dumb) propensity to hold assigned stock, I'd probably hold this for a while until the general market turned around.

From the 3 month daily chart, we can see that EMC has been trending down but has been finding some support at the 16 level. So this could either work really well or we could see EMC start another leg down. Nothing like trying to catch a falling knife for some excitement.

According to the Yahoo options tables, +EMCNQ (Feb 16 Put) traded at a high of 1.40 and is now trading at 0.53. We'll see what the market does next week. If we get a week like last week (entirely possible given the expectations for another rate cut), there is a good chance of hitting my target.